Parts of a Deck: Essential Knowledge for Pro-Level Results

Familiarising yourself with the parts of a deck is essential for both homeowners and DIY enthusiasts aiming to create a decking area and enhance spaces for outdoor use.

A well-built deck is an intricate assembly of numerous components, each playing a crucial role in the overall structure and functionality.

When you’re looking to invest in a deck, understanding the specific parts and terminology can help you make informed decisions and appreciate the craftsmanship involved.

Each element has a specific function and understanding these 40 decking terms will not only help you appreciate the complexity of deck construction but also enable you to communicate effectively with contractors or tackle projects with confidence.

Deck Terminology - Basic Components

Understanding the meaning of the fundamental deck parts names can help you make informed decisions during the planning and construction phases of your project.

1

Decking Boards:

These are the top surface materials of your deck, available in timber, composite, or UPVC, securely fastened to supporting joists.
2

T-Clips:

Plastic T-shaped connector clips used to join two deck boards side by side. They ensure a consistent 7mm gap between each board to accommodate expansion and contraction.
3

Starter Clips:

Metal fixings designed to provide a precise starting point for laying decking boards. These clips are anchored against adjacent objects like walls or fences for stability.
4

End Caps:

These cover the ends of composite hollow deck boards, matching the board's material for a clean and polished appearance.
5

Bullnose Boards:

Rounded-edge boards used specifically for framing the perimeter of a deck, adding a smooth and finished look.
6

Fascia Boards:

These boards are used to complete the deck by covering the gap between the decked area and the floor or concrete surface, enhancing the deck's overall appearance.
7

Sealant/Finish:

Providing protection, they are protective coatings applied to decking boards covering the space to enhance durability, resist moisture, and maintain appearance.
8

Subframe:

The underlying support structure of a deck, typically consisting of joists, beams, and posts, providing the necessary strength and stability for the decking surface.
9

Nosing:

The rounded front edge of a tread or a step, designed to be both functional and decorative.
10

Deck Stairs:

Building a stairway will provide access to the deck, consisting of treads, risers, and stringers.
11

Stringers:

Diagonal supports that hold up the steps of the stairs.
12

Treads:

Horizontal treads are the parts of the stairs that you step on.
13

Risers:

The vertical parts between each step on the stairs.

Parts of a Deck - All Hidden Pieces

Not all parts of a deck are visible and sometimes the parts you can’t see are even more important to the structure of the deck, like the components below the deck.

1

Footings:

Typically constructed from concrete, footings are a below-ground column designed to provide foundational support for decking and posts.
2

Joists:

These supporting beams are positioned beneath the decking surface. Joists vary based on the foundation material, such as composite joists for concrete bases or structural beams for elevated decks.
3

Ledger Board:

A horizontal lumber or metal attachment secured to the house to support one side of the deck structure.
4

Beam:

A horizontal support component that spans between posts or columns to support the joists and distribute the weight of the deck.
5

Post Base:

The bottom part of a deck post that sits on the footing and connects it to the structure, providing stability and support.
6

Bracing:

Diagonal supports installed between posts and beams to prevent lateral movement and increase structural stability.
7

Hardware:

Various fasteners, bolts, screws, and connectors used throughout the deck construction to secure components and ensure structural integrity.

Deck Parts Names of Rails

The various components of a deck railing system are crucial for both safety and aesthetics. Each part plays a specific role in ensuring the structure is both sturdy and visually appealing.

1

Railing:

This structure encircles the perimeter of the deck, comprising posts, balusters, and a handrail, ensuring safety and offering essential support.
2

Balusters:

These are the vertical bars that make up the handrail section. They are evenly spaced and typically narrow, designed to prevent people and objects from falling through.
3

Balustrade:

Balustrade sections consist of evenly spaced balusters connected to create an attractive and functional railing system.
4

Handrail:

Also known as the 'Cap Rail,' this is the top bar of the balustrade section. It provides support across each post, offering a place to hold onto.
5

Posts:

These vertical supports are positioned between each handrail section, bearing the weight of the balustrade sections.
6

Base Rail:

The bottom rail that runs along the base of the balustrade. It supports the vertical struts and prevents objects from slipping between the deck surface and the balustrade system.
7

Post Cap:

This is a cover that attaches to the top of the railing posts, providing a finished look and sealing off the exposed ends.
8

Mid-Rail:

A horizontal rail placed between the top rail and base rail for additional support and aesthetic appeal.

Deck Building Terminology

These terms contribute to an understanding of the processes and considerations involved in building a deck, from initial planning and preparation to final finishing touches and compliance with regulations.

1

Permits:

Legal approvals required from local authorities before commencing deck construction to ensure compliance with building codes and regulations.
2

Site Preparation:

Initial steps taken to clear and prepare the area where the deck will be built, including excavation, grading, and levelling.
3

Layout:

The process of marking out and planning the precise placement of deck components, including posts, joists, and decking boards.
4

Span:

The distance between supports, such as joists or supporting beams, that determine the size and strength requirements of the materials used.
5

Cut List:

A detailed list specifying the dimensions and quantities of materials needed for construction, including lumber, hardware, and fasteners.
6

Grain:

The direction and pattern of wood fibres in lumber, affecting its strength, stability, and appearance.
7

Load Capacity:

The maximum weight a deck structure can safely support, influenced by design factors such as joist spacing, material strength, and intended use.
8

Expansion Gap:

Space intentionally left between decking boards and other components to accommodate natural wood expansion and contraction due to temperature and humidity changes.
9

Anchor:

A device used to attach the deck to the house or other structures for stability and support.
10

Underdecking:

A system installed beneath the deck to create a dry, usable area underneath, typically achieved with waterproof membranes or ceiling systems.
11

Fastening Systems:

Various methods and hardware used to secure decking boards and other components, including nails, screws, hidden fasteners, and clips.
12

Code Compliance:

Adherence to building codes and standards governing deck construction to ensure safety, structural integrity, and legal compliance.

We hope our decking terminology guide has provided you with valuable insights into the decking parts names. If you have any questions, including any non-decking related queries, such as what is a garden room, please don’t hesitate to get in touch.

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Frequently Asked Questions

What are the components to building a deck?

Building a deck involves various components, each one is important to its structure and functionality. The main primary components include decking boards, which forms the surface to walk on, and joists, which support these boards. Beams provide additional structural support, while posts anchor the deck to the ground. Railings and balustrades ensure safety, and stairs offer accessibility. Fascia boards and hardware like screws and brackets complete the construction. All parts of the deck are very important.

What is the basic construction of a deck?

The process starts with installing the footings and posts, which serve as the foundation. A ledger board is then attached to the house to provide additional support. Joists are placed across the beams to create a sturdy frame, onto which the decking boards are installed to form the walking surface. Finally, adding decorative elements and finishing touches like railings, fascia boards and sealing treatments are all applied to enhance durability and aesthetics.

What are the vertical pieces on a deck called?

The vertical pieces on a deck are mostly referred to as posts, balusters, and railings. Posts are the larger vertical supports that anchor the deck to the ground and provide the primary structural support. Balusters are the smaller vertical pieces that fill the space between the top and bottom rails of the railing system, ensuring safety and adding decorative elements. Railings themselves have vertical elements in their design, making these components crucial for both aesthetics and a functional purpose.

What are deck footings called?

Deck footings are commonly referred to simply as “footings.” Footings are the foundational elements that transfer the weight of the deck to the ground, ensuring stability and stopping anything from shifting over time. Proper installation of footings is essential for the long-term durability and safety of the deck, as they anchor the posts and distribute loads evenly. Ensuring that footings are correctly sized and positioned is a critical step in successfully installing decking and completing the construction so that is one of the reasons why many homeowners prefer to go to a professional installer.

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